Math and CS Research Departments

Princeton

Some notable contemporary names at Princeton include Brian Kernighan (of awk fame - Aho, Weinberger and Kernighan) and Andrew Appel. BK is also involved in a very interesting project called AMPL a modelling language for mathematical programming.

Princeton is also famous as the place Alonzo Church, the American mathematician, did his PhD in mathematics and published a paper in 1936 on an "undecidable problem" which introduced the lambda calculus that inspired the creation of the LISP programming language.

http://www.cs.princeton.edu/

Inria

Inria have published an interesting series of monographs for 2008, including the use of temporal logic as a verification tool.
http://www.inria.fr/publications/editeurs/edit_monographies.fr.html

UNSW

Project on compiling Haskell to Java.
http://www.cse.unsw.edu.au/~pls/thesis-topics/ghcjava.html